Abstract: The requirements for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) guided minimally invasive surgery robot are analyzed, and the specific requirements of mechanical and MRI compatibility for MRI-guided robot are put forward.The configuration design and structure optimization of MRI-guided robot are discussed,and mechanical compatibility design is achieved.The mechanical parts of the robot are classified,and the corresponding test methods of MRI compatibility are designed.MRI compatibility is realized according to SNR(signal-to-noise ratio) test with phantom during compatibility tests of each part.