Abstract: Evolutionary mobile robotics is used for the study of adaptive behavior of mobile robot. One of the main characteristics of this robotics is the possibility to rely largely on a self-organization process, which is quite different from that of traditional robotics. In this paper, firstly we introduce the basic concept and research significance of evolutionary mobile robotics briefly, and deal with the relations between this robotics and some traditional robotics. Then we introduce the main aspects in this field. At last, some possible problems and corresponding solutions are proposed.