基于预训练—微调框架的四足机器人结构—控制协同设计

Structure-control Co-design of Quadruped Robots Based on Pre-training-Fine-tuning Framework

  • 摘要: 在自然界中,美洲狮等具有卓越运动能力的动物通常具有不对称的前腿和后腿,其强壮的后腿能够为跳跃提供强劲的动力。受这一类生物启发,提出了一种机械结构与控制策略协同设计的方法,通过优化机器人的腿部长度来提升其整体运动性能。首先,引入一种预训练—微调框架,该框架不仅能够为每个候选的机械结构提供最佳控制策略,还提升了算法的训练效率。此外,将空间域随机化与折扣正则化方法相结合,显著提高了预训练网络的泛化能力。实验结果表明,所提出的预训练—微调框架显著增强了协同设计算法的性能,并且减少了时间消耗。此外,所提算法在提高机器人运动性能方面远远超越了传统的对控制策略进行独立优化的方法,为提升四足机器人的极限跑酷能力提供了一种新型的解决方案。

     

    Abstract: In nature, animals with exceptional locomotion abilities, such as cougars, often possess asymmetric fore and hind legs, with their powerful hind legs acting as reservoirs of energy for leaps. Inspired by this biological concept, a co-optimization method for mechanical structures and control strategies is proposed, focusing on optimizing the leg length of the robot to enhance its overall motion performance. Firstly, a novel pretraining-finetuning framework is introduced, which not only guarantees optimal control strategies for each mechanical candidate but also improves the training efficiency of the algorithm. Additionally, spatial domain randomization is integrated with discount regularization, which remarkably improves the generalization ability of the pretraining network. Experimental results indicate that the proposed pretraining-finetuning framework significantly enhances the overall co-design performance with less time consumption. Moreover, the co-design strategy substantially exceeds the conventional method of independently optimizing control strategies, providing an innovative approach to enhancing the extreme parkour capabilities of quadruped robots.

     

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