一种基于地空视角信息融合的激光SLAM系统

A Laser SLAM System Based on Ground-to-air-view Information Fusion

  • 摘要: 地面无人平台安全运行与高效决策均依赖于自身的精确定位和对环境的全面感知。针对单视角机器人感知受限问题, 提出了一种基于地空视角信息融合的激光SLAM(同步定位与地图构建)系统。首先, 系统引入无人机构建的空中点云地图作为先验信息。然后, 通过地空视角点云子图配准网络求取空中子图到地面局部地图的最优配准, 再基于多视角因子图优化框架融合空中先验信息和地面感知信息。最后, 在长约1000 m的工地环境道路上进行实验。相较于经典单视角激光SLAM系统, 本系统的平均平移误差下降了5.87 m, 平均旋转误差下降了1.67°。结果表明, 本系统有效提高了地面无人平台的定位精度。另外, 还通过地图融合有效弥补了地面无人平台由于路口结构、障碍遮挡等因素导致的感知盲区。

     

    Abstract: The safe operation and efficient decision-making of the ground unmanned platform rely on accurate localization of the platform and overall perception of the environment. For the problem of limited perception of single-view robots, a laser SLAM (simulation localization and mapping) system based on the ground-to-air-view information fusion is proposed. Firstly, the aerial point cloud map constructed by the UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) is introduced as the prior information in the system. Then, the optimal registration from the aerial submap to the ground local map is obtained through the registration network for ground-air point cloud submaps. After that, the aerial prior information and the ground perception information are fused based on the multi-view graph optimization framework. Finally, experiments are carried out on a road about 1000 m long in a construction site. The average translation error of the proposed system is reduced by 5.87 m compared with the classic single-view laser SLAM system, while the average rotation error is reduced by 1.67°. The results show that the proposed method effectively improves the localization accuracy of the ground unmanned platform. In addition, the perceptual blind areas of ground unmanned platforms, caused by the intersection structure, the occlusion of obstacles, etc., are effectively made up by map fusion in the proposed system.

     

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