一种基于运动状态机的搬运助力外骨骼

A Handling Assistance Exoskeleton Based on Motion State Machine

  • 摘要: 为减轻搬运作业人员的肌肉损伤,针对现有外骨骼灵活性低、人机耦合性差的问题,提出了一种基于套索驱动的搬运助力外骨骼。外骨骼通过电机带动线轮转动,完成套索的灵活收放,实现辅助搬运的功能,从而减轻穿戴者的肌肉损伤。首先,基于多传感器信息融合进行穿戴者的运动意图识别,并对外骨骼采用分层控制策略,分别采用有限运动状态机和力/位混合控制作为控制系统的上层和下层控制;其次,进行了外骨骼性能测试及助力评估。实验结果显示,在10 kg重物搬运提举过程中,肱二头肌的肌肉激活度降低约11.7%,腰竖脊肌的肌肉激活度降低约37.3%;在以0.8 m/s的速度搬运10 kg重物行走时,肱二头肌的肌肉激活度降低约31.9%。结果表明该外骨骼对手臂及腰部具有良好的助力效果。

     

    Abstract: To reduce muscle injuries for workers engaged in manual handling tasks, a lasso-driven handling assistance exoskeleton is proposed, addressing the limitations of low flexibility and poor human-robot coupling in existing exoskeletons.The exoskeleton employs motor-driven lasso reels to enable flexible deployment/retraction of the lasso, providing lifting assistance. Firstly, the motion intention of wearers is recognized based on multi-sensor data fusion. And a hierarchical control strategy is adopted for the exoskeleton, with finite motion state machine and hybrid force-position control serving as the upper-and lower-level control of the control system. Secondly, performance testing and assistance evaluation are conducted on the exoskeleton. Experimental results demonstrate 11.7% reduction in biceps brachii muscle activation level and 37.3% reduction in lumbar erector spinae activation level during the 10 kg load lifting/carrying. During the 10 kg load transportation at a walking speed of 0.8 m/s, biceps brachii muscle activation level is decreased by 31.9%. These results validate the effective assistance capability of the exoskeleton for both arm and lumbar regions.

     

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