Bio-Syncretic Robots Composed of Living-Electromechanical Systems
YANG Lianchao1,2,3, ZHANG Chuang1,2, WANG Ruiqian1,2,3, ZHANG Yiwei1,2,4, TAN Wenjun1,2,3, LIU Lianqing1,2
1. State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 2. Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110169, China; 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4. School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, University of Shenyang Ligong, Shenyang 110159, China
Abstract：Bio-syncretic robots are a new type of robots formed by the organic fusion of living systems and electromechanical systems at the molecular, cellular and tissue scales, which have the potential advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, long endurance and miniaturization, and can provide new ideas to break through the bottlenecks faced by traditional robots in terms of drive, sensing, intelligence and so on. Focusing on the research status of bio-syncretic robots, this review systematically classifies and introduces existing bio-syncretic robots firstly according to different living materials (such as cardiomyocytes, skeletal muscle cells, neuro-muscle, insect muscle tissue, and microorganisms). Subsequently, the commonly used non-living materials (such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), hydrogel), control methods (such as electrical control, optical control, chemical control, magnetic control) and application scenarios of bio-syncretic robots (such as micro-robots, lab on a chip, biomedicine) are discussed in detail. Finally, the potential challenges and possible development directions of bio-syncretic robot research are analyzed and prospected.
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