多通道植入式神经电刺激系统

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张典, 杨志华, 禹东川. 多通道植入式神经电刺激系统[J]. 机器人, 2011, 33(6): 673-678,684.. ZHANG Dian, YANG Zhihua, YU Dongchuan. An Implantable Multi-channel Neural Electrical Stimulation System. ROBOT, 2011, 33(6): 673-678,684..

摘要

开发出一套植入式多通道神经电刺激系统，通过刺激大鼠脑部一些特定区域可实现对大鼠的运动控制．该系统包括远程控制指令发射装置和植入式神经刺激系统两部分．远程发射装置主要包括控制界面（PC机或笔记本电脑上用VC++实现）和无线发射器（用CC2430实现）两部分．植入式神经刺激系统主要包括：无线接收器、脉宽调制到模拟信号转换电路（PWMAC）、压控恒流源以及多路模拟开关．植入式神经电刺激系统采用无线射频单片机CC2430作为微控制单元（MCU），将单片机和无线通信模块集成到一片芯片上，大大减小了体积和重量，体积为20mm×25 mm×3mm，质量为7g（含可充电锂电池3g），可稳定工作3小时．脉宽调制到模拟信号转换电路可使不带数模转换（DAC）功能的单片机CC2430也能产生可调电压信号，这些电压信号输入到压控恒流源就可以产生可控的恒流源信号，而可控的恒流源信号经过多路模拟开关电路则可以生成用于神经刺激的可控的双相恒流源信号．大鼠内侧前脑束（MFB）区单侧和第一躯体感觉皮质桶状区（S1BF）左右双侧被选中作为实验中的刺激神经位点，每个神经位点植入一对电极．每对电极作为一个通道与神经刺激系统相连，因此可以通过远程控制指令发射装置实时调节每个通道的电流刺激参数．实验结果表明：合适的电流刺激大鼠的内侧前脑束区可以实现对大鼠的虚拟奖励使之向前行走，合适的电流刺激第一躯体感觉皮质桶状区可以实现对大鼠左转和右转控制．

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	张典
	杨志华
	禹东川

关键词 ：生物机器人, 植入式神经电刺激, 双相恒流源

Abstract：

An implantable multi-channel neural electrical stimulation system is designed,which is applicable to the motor control of rats by stimulating some particular brain areas of the rats.It basically consists of two parts,the remote command transmitter device(RCTD) and the implantable multi-channel neural stimulation system(IMNSS).The RCTD includes a control software(designed by VC++ in PC or laptop) and a wireless transmitter(realized by CC2430).The IMNSS is mainly composed of a wireless receiver,a pulse-width-modulation to analog converter(PWMAC) circuit,a voltage-controlled constant current source,and a multi-channel analog switch.For the IMNSS,by using CC2430 as micro controller unit(MCU), a microcontroller and a wireless communication module are integrated into one chip,which can reduce the size and weight. Thus,the IMNSS is 20 mm×25 mm×3 mm in size,7 g in weight(including 3 g,the weight of a rechargeable lithium ion battery),and with a 3 hours working time.The PWMAC can make CC2430 without DAC(digital-to-analog converter) function generate adjustable voltage signals.Through the voltage-controlled constant current source,the adjustable voltage signals will generate adjustable constant current signals,which will generate adjustable biphasic constant current source signals for neural stimulation by the usage of the multi-channel analog switch.Lateral medial forebrain bundle(MFB) and bilateral primary somatosensory cortex and barrel field(S1BF) are selected as the brain sites to be stimulated,and each brain site is implanted into a pair of electrodes.Each pair of electrodes as one channel is connected with the IMNSS,so that the RCTD can regulate the parameters of the neural stimulation signal of each channel in real time.Experiments show that current stimulation of MFB with proper parameters can generate virtual reward which drives a rat to move forward,and current stimulation of S1BF with proper parameters can be used to make a rat turn left or right.

Key words： bio-robot implantable neural electrical stimulation biphasic constant current source

收稿日期: 2011-03-22 录用日期: 2011-09-18

TN7

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（61074126）

通讯作者: 禹东川 E-mail: dongchuanyu@yahoo.com

作者简介: 张典（1983- ），男，博士生．研究领域：生物机器人，无线传感器网络．
杨志华（1987- ），男，硕士生．研究领域：嵌入式系统，无线传感器网络．
禹东川（1978- ），男，教授，博士生导师．研究领域：神经信息工程，动物运动控制，复杂网络．

链接本文:

https://robot.sia.cn/CN/ 或 https://robot.sia.cn/CN/Y2011/V33/I6/673

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