基于升力反馈的旋翼无人机控制方法

Thrust Feedback-based Control Method for Rotor UAV

  • 摘要: 多旋翼UAV(无人机)在风扰环境中作业或执行机动飞行任务时,需要对旋翼的升力进行精确控制,然而传统UAV的动力系统无法输出精确的实际升力。为此,提出了一种基于升力反馈的多旋翼无人机控制方法,旨在通过对旋翼升力的闭环控制来提升无人机的整体控制性能。首先,移除了传统动力系统中的电机转速反解模块,增加了升力反馈控制模块,并利用传感器对升力进行测量,实现闭环控制。其次,建立了多旋翼无人机的动力系统模型,以电机油门量为输入、旋翼升力为输出,并基于此模型设计了输入输出线性化的升力闭环控制器以精确控制输出升力。最后,搭建升力反馈仿真平台并在风扰环境下进行轨迹跟踪仿真。仿真结果表明,在风扰条件下,具备升力反馈动力系统的多旋翼无人机展现出了更高的控制精度和稳定性,能够高精度地跟踪机动轨迹,验证了所提升力反馈控制策略的有效性。

     

    Abstract: When multirotor UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) operate in wind disturbed environments or perform maneuvering flight tasks, precise control of rotor thrust is required. However, the traditional multirotor UAV powertrain system lacks the capability to accurately regulate rotor thrust. Therefore, a multirotor UAV control method based on thrust feedback is proposed to enhance the overall control performance of UAV through closed-loop control of rotor thrust. Firstly, the traditional motor speed inversion module in the powertrain system is removed, and a thrust feedback control module is introduced. By incorporating thrust measurement from the sensor, a closed-loop control is achieved. Secondly, a dynamic model of the multirotor UAV powertrain system is established, where the motor throttle command serves as the input and the rotor thrust serves as the output. Based on this model, an input-output linearization based thrust closed-loop controller is designed to precisely regulate the generated thrust. Finally, a thrust feedback simulation platform is constructed, and trajectory tracking simulations are conducted under wind disturbance environments. The simulation results demonstrate that the multirotor UAV equipped with the thrust feedback powertrain system achieves superior control accuracy and stability in the presence of wind disturbances, enabling high-precision trajectory tracking and validating the effectiveness of the proposed thrust feedback control strategy.

     

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